President Vladimir Putin’s 4–5 December 2025 state visit to New Delhi, his first to India since the commencement of the Russia-Ukraine conflict in February 2022, took place under unusually high geopolitical pressure. The summit unfolded amid intensified Western efforts to isolate Moscow, the second Trump administration’s punitive tariffs on Indian exports over Russian oil purchases, and ongoing negotiations over a possible Ukraine settlement.[1]
The visit produced three headline developments:
