On January 17, 2025, Russian President Vladimir Putin and Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian signed a 20-year “Comprehensive Strategic Partnership Treaty”[1] in Moscow, marking a significant deepening of the relationship between the two countries. This Treaty encompasses cooperation across various domains — including defence, energy, trade, and culture, reflecting a mutual commitment to strengthening ties amidst shared geopolitical challenges.[2]
Iran’s Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi emphasized the significant role of Iran and Russia in shaping a new global order. He described the Iran-Russia Treaty not merely as a political document, but as a roadmap for the future.[3] President Vladimir Putin underscored the strategic importance of the Treaty, stating: “This Treaty marks a new chapter in our relations, ensuring long-term cooperation across all key sectors and fortifying our collective resilience against external pressures.” Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov also emphasized that the Treaty aligns with Moscow’s broader vision for a multipolar world, where sovereign countries collaborate without interference from Western powers. He added: “Russia and Iran are working together to develop a framework that prioritizes mutual respect, economic sovereignty, and regional stability.”[4]
