On April 22, 2025, an attack in Pahalgam, Indian Illegally Occupied Jammu and Kashmir (IIOJK), resulted in the death of 26 tourists. Without holding any investigation and presenting any evidence India blamed Pakistan and first announced a slew of diplomatic and economic measures against Pakistan and later made military strikes in Pakistan and AJK under the so-called “Operation Sindoor” on May 7, 2025. Pakistan responded with its own military actions, including the downing of at least 5 Indian aircraft as well as missile strikes on Indian military sites. The escalation brought the two nuclear-armed neighbors to the brink of war, prompting urgent international diplomatic interventions. A U.S.-brokered ceasefire was announced on May 10, though violations by India were reported shortly thereafter.[1]
