Since the nuclearization of South Asia in 1998, India and Pakistan have been developing and improving their missile systems. The past decade witnessed the development of short and medium-range missiles in the region. Most recent missile tests by India, particularly Agni-V and Agni-Prime equipped with Multiple Independent Re-entry Vehicle (MIRV) technology have further destabilized the nuclear landscape of South Asia. The Agni-V is the sole contender for an Intercontinental Ballistic Missile (ICBM) with a target range of 5,000 km putting India among a few countries with MIRV technology including the United States, United Kingdom, France, Russia, Pakistan, and China. India has also developed Agni-Prime, which is Pakistan-specific with a target range of 1,000-2,000 km, which can hit anywhere in Pakistan. India is also investing in hypersonic missile technology as well as Ballistic Missile Defence (BMD), which has profound implications for strategic stability.
