Issue Brief on “National Security Strategy 2025: U.S. Strategic Worldview and European Responses”
The November 2025 National Security Strategy of the United States of America (NSS 2025) marks a decisive shift in Washington’s strategic outlook. Framed explicitly around restoring...
Issue Brief on “Pakistan at COP30: Advancing Climate Justice, Resilience, and Green Transformation”
Pakistan participated in COP30 in Belém, Brazil, representing one of the world’s most climate-vulnerable countries, despite contributing less than 1 per cent to global...
Issue Brief on “Putin’s 2025 India Visit: Strategic Optics, Energy Assurances, and Implications for...
President Vladimir Putin’s 4–5 December 2025 state visit to New Delhi, his first to India since the commencement of the Russia-Ukraine conflict in February...
Issue Brief on “One-Way Attack (OWA) Drones and the Future of Warfare in South...
The May 2025 India-Pakistan conflict is the first-ever instance where the One-Way Attack (OWA) drones were used in South Asia. These cost-effective, one-time-use Unmanned...
Issue Brief on U.S. National Security Strategy: Message of “America First”
The U.S. National Security Strategy (NSS) released on December 4, 2025, was seen by many as an ideological and substantive shift in U.S. foreign...
Issue Brief on “Pakistan’s National AI Policy 2025: Developing AI Ecosystem and Ethical Data...
On July 30, 2025, the federal cabinet unanimously approved the National Artificial Intelligence (AI) Policy 2025, aimed at creating an AI ecosystem in Pakistan....
Issue Brief on “Beyond Belém: The Future of Global Climate Action After COP30”
Background
The 30th meeting of the Conference of the Parties (COP) to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), hosted in Belém, Brazil from November...
Issue Brief on “China-U.S. Busan Summit – An Uneasy Equilibrium”
Widely characterised as a diplomatic turning point between the world’s two largest economies, President Xi Jinping and President Donald Trump met on the sidelines...
Issue Brief on “War in Sudan: Geopolitics and Human Suffering”
The capture of Al-Fashir, the capital of North Darfur, by the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) on 26 October 2025 marked a significant escalation in...
Issue Brief on “The Changing Contours of Turkiye–Iraq Relations”
Turkiye, an important power in the region, has actively maintained the growing trajectory of its influence in the Middle East, carefully balancing relationships with...
